In 2016 California voters raised taxes on tobacco products when they passed Proposition 56, which created the California Healthcare, Research and Prevention Tobacco Tax Act of 2016, which took effect in April 2017
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It is important to add that other novel tobacco products, such as heat-not-burn cigarettes, have been found to be associated with impaired endothelial function, similar to findings among combustible cigarette smokers
To achieve this, we encouraged our CKD educators to undergo training and certification in smoking cessation techniques
3 Results 3.1 Literature search Detailed information on systematic literature retrieval is shown in Figure 1
[146] Hartmann-Boyce J, McRobbie H, Lindson N, Bullen C, Begh R, Theodoulou A, Notley C, Rigotti NA, Turner T, Butler AR, Hajek P