10.1038/s41575-020-0316-6 Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol
Abbreviations ACC: Acetyl-CoA carboxylase ACL: ATP-citrate lyase cGPDH: Cytosolic glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase cICD: Cytosolic NADP-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase CPT I: Carnitine palmitoyl-transferase I FAS: Fatty acid synthase GDC: Glutamate decarboxylase GDH: Glutamate dehydrogenase GLUT1: Solute carrier family 2 (facilitated glucose transporter), member 1 GLUT2: Solute carrier family 2 (facilitated glucose transporter), member 2 GRX1: Glutaredoxin 1 GSIS: Glucose-stimulated insulin secretion GTP-SCS: GTP-isoformed succinyl-CoA synthetase K ATP : ATP-sensitive potassium channel LDH: Lactate dehydrogenase MDH: Malate dehydrogenase ME: Malic enzyme ME1: Cytosolic malic enzyme ME2: Mitochondrial malic enzyme mGPDH: Mitochondrial glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase NMR: Nuclear magnetic resonance NNT: Nicotinamide nucleotide transhydrogenase PC: Pyruvate carboxylase PDH: Pyruvate dehydrogenase PEP: Phosphoenolpyruvate PEPCK: Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase PEPCK-M: Mitochondrial PEPCK PEPCK-C: Cytosolic PEPCK ROS: Reactive oxygen species siRNA: Small interfering RNA SUR1: Sulfonylurea receptor 1 TCA: Tricarboxylic acid TRX1: Thioredoxin 1 UCP2: Uncoupling protein 2 References MacDonald MJ, Fahien LA, Brown LJ, Hasan NM, Buss JD, Kendrick MA (2005) Perspective: emerging evidence for signaling roles of mitochondrial anaplerotic products in insulin secretion
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Some of these health issues include brain fog, fatigue, inflammation, sore muscles, chemical sensitivity, poor vision, mood swings, and even cognitive impairment (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 12) Thankfully, your body makes something that helps you eliminate these toxins quite efficientlyas long as you have enough of it
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