It's a less severe concern than, say, copper toxicity, but it's a practical safety issue that must be considered
The mechanisms include reduction of excitotoxicity and oxidative stress, enhanced neurotrophic factor expression supporting neuronal survival, angiogenesis improving cerebral blood flow, and modulation of dopamine and serotonin systems
TSA has opinions about needles and medication
On the contrary, according to Calabrese and Mattson, 2024 [220], any drug exhibits a dual dose-dependent reversal effectstimulating in low and inhibitory in high doses
PLOS ONE 9 , e97985 (2014)
Pharmaceutical references and community sources describe this as the standard that requires no refrigeration and maintains the full manufacturer-printed shelf life